Panasonic Lumix DMC-GH4 Review

NOTE There are only two physical differences between the Panasonic GH4 and GH3. Those who know the latter can skip to the performance page of digital camera review. The Drive-Mode dial has a fifth position for the Interval-Timer and the Exposure-Mode dial now has a locking button.

The Panasonic Lumix DMC-GH4 is one of the largest mirrorless cameras and even exceeds the size of some entry-level DSLRs. Still, it offers a substantial number of external controls and a weather-sealed body. These are usually found on high-end models which are often larger. While the GH4 is not freezeproof, it handled sub-zero temperatures very well during the review period.

Ergonomics

While this mirrorless offers little size-advantage over a DSLR, its ergonomics are comparable. There is a deep sculpted grip which makes holding the GH4 comfortable and secure. Eyelets for a standard neck-strap allow for extra security. Atop of the grip is the shutter-release which is mounted at an angle for perfect comfort. This is a standard two-stage release with moderate travel to the soft halfway-point.

Gripping the camera, one can easily reach the front control-dial with the index finger and the upper-rear one with the thumb. Just behind the front control-dial is a row of three tiny indistinct buttons: WB, ISO and EC. While their ordering is arguably not ideal, they unfortunately give a modal interface which is accident-prone and completely unnecessary given the camera's nice ergonomics. This is fixable via firmware and we hope Panasonic does so as it would turn a good interface into a great one.

WB is changed by holding the WB button and rotating any of the 3 control-dials. Pressing the Down direction on the 4-way controller from there accesses WB Fine-Tuning. Press Up, sets WB for Custom and Kelvin options. A press of the ISO button lets both rear control-dials select ISO and the front one select the Auto ISO limit. For EC, the button brings up a scale from -5 to +5, with 1/3 EV steps, and any control-dial sets the amount. A press of a button or shutter-release is required to dismiss WB, ISO or EC change modes. This forces one extra button press than is strictly needed.

Behind the row of buttons is Fn1 which is customizable to perform one of 54 functions! By default, it activates WiFi but it can also perform DOF-Preview and Spot Metering Shot which are good candidates for that button.

To the left of Fn1 is a traditional mode-dial. It has the standard PASM exposure-modes, plus a dedicated Movie mode among a few more. Movie mode can be customized to use any PASM mode for exposure and previews framing correctly for filming. There are three Custom modes, one mode that groups all Scene modes, one that groups Effect modes and a fully automatic one as well.

The GH4 adds a popup button to lock the mode-dial. Once the button is down, the mode-dial will not turn. When pressed again, the button pops up which lets the dial turn again. This seems unnecessary as the mode-dial itself has nice firm detents and is unlikely to move accidentally.

On the other side of the flash and EVF hump, there is a Drive-Mode dial with five options: Single, Continuous, Bracketing, Self-Timer and Interval-Timer. Except for Single, each position is customizable via the Camera or Quick menu. As mentioned earlier, a Shutter-Delay up to 8 seconds can be added. Needless to say, with the delay, Continuous mode is not very continuous.

All remaining controls are found at the back of the camera. There are no less than 8 buttons, 2 control-dials and one switch plus a 4-way controller with central button. Starting on the left, there is a standard Playback button plus Fn5, a customizable button which default to cycling over various view modes: LCD Only, EVF Only and Automatic Eye-Start Switching.

To the right of the EVF is the customizable AE/AF-L button which locks exposure, focus or both. It can activate until released or until pressed again. Around it, a 3 way rotating switch selects the Focus-Drive mode. A little down and further right is the dedicated Video-Record button. It can start filming in any mode but one can only preview the correct framing for stills or video, so it is useless since, in Video mode, the shutter-release starts recording.

Lined up with the right edge of the LCD are 3 more customizable buttons. Their default assignments invoke the Quick Menu, the AF Area Mode and Shutter-Speed Simulation. One more button, close to the right edge of this camera cycles over display modes.

The four-way controller is surrounded by a thin and control-dial which is too recessed for comfort. That dial is sadly unused or redundant most of the times. In Playback mode, it cycles between images which is what the front control-dial does too. This leaves the upper-rear control-dial for zooming.

Operating

Operating the Panasonic Lumix DMC-GH4 is quite straight forwards as long one remembers customizations. Default assignments are reasonable and make most frequently used features accessible. Should additional functions be frequently used, one can assign up to 15 to the Quick Menu. Using this mirrorless at eye-level is relatively easy thanks to the excellent EVF. The only issue is recognizing buttons by positions since so many of them have exactly the same size and shape.

One area where the complexity of the GH4 shows is its menu system. There are 32 menu pages divides into 5 menus. Each page offers 5 items, many of which activate sub-menus. It is difficult to remember where a particular setting is located. Also, there is a high degree of feature-interaction on this mirrorless, so many options can appear greyed-out with no hint on how to enable them. Even worse is that some options disappear entirely. This is unfortunately the case with the headline Cinema 4K (4096x2160) resolution which is only visible while the System Frequency setting on page 6 of the Setup menu is set to 24 Hz. After changing that setting, a camera reboot is required to enable C4K under Rec Quality on page 1 of the Motion Picture menu.

Since there is no optical viewfinder, it is normal that framing shots cannot be done until the Panasonic GH4 has powered up. Focusing is fly-by-wire, although some lenses could override this, so focusing cannot be manually adjusted if the camera is not ready for it. MF mode is one way. There is also a Direct Manual Focus mode, which is labeled as AF+MF in the Customization menu. When enabled, DMF lets the focus ring control focus after the shutter is press halfway. When combined with MF Assist, this instantly zooms into an area of the image for very precise focusing.

Except for the lower-rear control-dial which does not protrude from the surface on the hand-size of the camera, all dials have strong detents and good texture which make them usable with gloves on. Most buttons also stick-out and are separated enough be operated with gloves too.

The camera feels generally sturdy. While the battery-door is solid and sealed with a rubber-ring, there is some flex in the LCD hinge and memory-door. Surprisingly, the memory-door does not have a seal but is made of stiff rubber itself. This seems less weatherproof than expected. A metal tripod mount inline with the optical center of the lens, which is ideal for panoramas, is found at the bottom of the camera.

Viewfinder & Display

The Panasonic Lumix DMC-GH4 features an extremely sharp 2.4 megapixels EVF with a large view and a fast refresh rate. The EVF is is padded with a rubber eye-cup which protrudes nicely from the back of the camera for comfort. There is also a hinged 3" LCD with one megapixel. The view appears just as sharp and detailed, just not as much as the EVF.

The EVF is controlled by an Eye-Start sensor which works perfectly to switch between the displays. Usually, the Eye-Start sensor switches between displays. When the LCD is off or closed against the camera, the Eye-Start sensor toggles the EVF on or off.

One thing we really like to see on mirrorless cameras is an Exposure-Priority display which gives them a nice edge over SLRs while changing exposure-parameters. The good news is that the GH4 has one. The bad news is it is only available for Manual mode. To enable it, set Constant Preview to ON in the Custom Setting menu. In other image modes, the display shows a bright view regardless of how the exposure is expected to turn out. To see an Exposure-Priority view in Shutter-Priority, one must activate shutter-speed simulation. This must be repeated after EVERY shot and the display lags so much at slow shutter-speeds that it becomes unusable.

The direct video recording button starts and stops video recording in any mode. The main issue is that setting up framing is usually impossible due to aspect-ratio differences between stills and video. The Panasonic GH4 offers a half-baked solution for this and lets users configure the display to preview video framing instead of still framing. This obviously means that one can switch from not being able to frame videos or not be able to frame stills. The best advice is to just stick to the dedicated video mode.

Lenses

Micro Four-Thirds lenses are plentiful compared to other mirrorless-only lens-lineups. The interface between camera and lens is all-electronic with no mechanical coupling for autofocus or aperture control. From the very beginning, lenses have had fly-by-wire focus-rings. Currently all those from Panasonic fall into this category while third-party makers do offer mechanical focus-rings.

With a fly-by-wire focus-ring, the lens does not respond to movements unless the camera expects it. So, there rarely an AF/MF on a lens. In the case of the GH4, the 3-way switch surrounding the AE-L/AF-L button makes the primary decision. In DMF mode, focus-ring movement is only taken into consideration after focus is locked and until the shutter is released. Certain artistic effects are impossible this way because the lens ignores the focus-ring during exposures.

Image stabilization for Panasonic mirrorless cameras is provided or not by the lens. For the Panasonic Lumix G X Vario 12-35mm F/2.8 ASPH OIS
Panasonic Lumix G X Vario 12-35mm F/2.8 ASPH OIS, a simple two-way switch appears on the barrel. The camera then decides which stabilization mode to use, usually via a menu option. With the 12-35mm, the GH4 offers normal and panning modes. The latter only corrects for shake in the vertical direction.

Lenses marked HD, like the weather-sealed 12-35mm F/2.8 one above, are designed with a quiet focus-motor. For other systems we would say autofocus motor, but the fly-by-wire focus means that the motor is also used in manual-focus mode. This makes it even more important for the motor to be quiet, otherwise even MF would ruin the audio track of videos. With this particularly lens, it is indeed extremely quiet.